Oscars Academy Awards (1950-1959) ------------------------------------ The Academy Awards, commonly known as The Oscars, is an annual American awards ceremony honoring achievements in the film industry. The awards, first presented in 1927, are overseen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The awards ceremony was first televised in 1953 and is now seen live in more than 200 countries. ------------------------------------ 1950 (23rd) ACTOR José Ferrer -- Cyrano de Bergerac {"Cyrano de Bergerac"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE George Sanders -- All about Eve {"Addison De Witt"} ACTRESS Judy Holliday -- Born Yesterday {"Billie Dawn"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Josephine Hull -- Harvey {"Veta Louise Simmons"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) Sunset Blvd. -- Art Direction: Hans Dreier, John Meehan; Set Decoration: Sam Comer, Ray Moyer ART DIRECTION (Color) Samson and Delilah -- Art Direction: Hans Dreier, Walter Tyler; Set Decoration: Sam Comer, Ray Moyer CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) The Third Man -- Robert Krasker CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) King Solomon's Mines -- Robert Surtees COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) All about Eve -- Edith Head, Charles LeMaire COSTUME DESIGN (Color) Samson and Delilah -- Edith Head, Dorothy Jeakins, Elois Jenssen, Gile Steele, Gwen Wakeling DIRECTING All about Eve -- Joseph L. Mankiewicz DOCUMENTARY (Feature) The Titan: Story of Michelangelo -- Robert Snyder, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Why Korea? -- Edmund Reek, Producer FILM EDITING King Solomon's Mines -- Ralph E. Winters, Conrad A. Nervig MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) Sunset Blvd. -- Franz Waxman MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Annie Get Your Gun -- Adolph Deutsch, Roger Edens MUSIC (Song) "Mona Lisa" from Captain Carey, U.S.A. -- Music and Lyrics by Ray Evans and Jay Livingston BEST MOTION PICTURE All about Eve -- 20th Century-Fox SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Gerald McBoing-Boing -- Stephen Bosustow, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) Grandad of Races -- Gordon Hollingshead, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) In Beaver Valley -- Walt Disney, Producer SOUND RECORDING All about Eve -- 20th Century-Fox Studio Sound Department, Thomas T. Moulton, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS Destination Moon -- George Pal Productions WRITING (Motion Picture Story) Panic in the Streets -- Edna Anhalt, Edward Anhalt WRITING (Screenplay) All about Eve -- Joseph L. Mankiewicz WRITING (Story and Screenplay) Sunset Blvd. -- Charles Brackett, Billy Wilder, D. M. Marshman, Jr. HONORARY FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD To The Walls of Malapaga - voted by the Board of Governors as the most outstanding foreign language film released in the United States in 1950. HONORARY AWARD To George Murphy for his services in interpreting the film industry to the country at large. To Louis B. Mayer for distinguished service to the motion picture industry. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD Darryl F. Zanuck SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To JAMES B. GORDON and the 20TH CENTURY-FOX STUDIO CAMERA DEPARTMENT for the design and development of a multiple image film viewer. [Laboratory] To JOHN PAUL LIVADARY, FLOYD CAMPBELL, L. W. RUSSELL and the COLUMBIA STUDIO SOUND DEPARTMENT for the development of a multi-track magnetic re-recording system. [Sound] To LOREN L. RYDER and the PARAMOUNT STUDIO SOUND DEPARTMENT for the first studio-wide application of magnetic sound recording to motion picture production. [Sound] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1951 (24th) ACTOR Humphrey Bogart -- The African Queen {"Charlie Allnut"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Karl Malden -- A Streetcar Named Desire {"Mitch"} ACTRESS Vivien Leigh -- A Streetcar Named Desire {"Blanche DuBois"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Kim Hunter -- A Streetcar Named Desire {"Stella Kowalski"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) A Streetcar Named Desire -- Art Direction: Richard Day; Set Decoration: George James Hopkins ART DIRECTION (Color) An American in Paris -- Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons, Preston Ames; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis, Keogh Gleason CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) A Place in the Sun -- William C. Mellor CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) An American in Paris -- Alfred Gilks; Ballet Photography by John Alton COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) A Place in the Sun -- Edith Head COSTUME DESIGN (Color) An American in Paris -- Orry-Kelly, Walter Plunkett, Irene Sharaff DIRECTING A Place in the Sun -- George Stevens DOCUMENTARY (Feature) Kon-Tiki -- Olle Nordemar, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Benjy -- 'Made by Fred Zinnemann with the cooperation of Paramount Pictures Corporation for the Los Angeles Orthopaedic Hospital' FILM EDITING A Place in the Sun -- William Hornbeck MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) A Place in the Sun -- Franz Waxman MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) An American in Paris -- Johnny Green, Saul Chaplin MUSIC (Song) "In The Cool, Cool, Cool Of The Evening" from Here Comes the Groom -- Music by Hoagy Carmichael; Lyrics by Johnny Mercer BEST MOTION PICTURE An American in Paris -- Arthur Freed, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) The Two Mouseketeers -- Fred Quimby, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) World of Kids -- Robert Youngson, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) Nature's Half Acre -- Walt Disney, Producer SOUND RECORDING The Great Caruso -- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio Sound Department, Douglas Shearer, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS When Worlds Collide -- Paramount WRITING (Motion Picture Story) Seven Days to Noon -- Paul Dehn, James Bernard WRITING (Screenplay) A Place in the Sun -- Michael Wilson, Harry Brown WRITING (Story and Screenplay) An American in Paris -- Alan Jay Lerner HONORARY FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD To Rashomon - voted by the Board of Governors as the most outstanding foreign language film released in the United States during 1951. HONORARY AWARD To Gene Kelly in appreciation of his versatility as an actor, singer, director and dancer, and specifically for his brilliant achievements in the art of choreography on film. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD Arthur Freed SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To GORDON JENNINGS, S. L. STANCLIFFE and the PARAMOUNT STUDIO SPECIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC and ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS for the design, construction and application of a servo-operated recording and repeating device. [Special Photographic] To OLIN L. DUPY of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio for the design, construction and application of a motion picture reproducing system. [Special Photographic] To RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA, VICTOR DIVISION, for pioneering direct positive recording with anticipatory noise reduction. [Sound] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To RICHARD M. HAFF, FRANK P. HERRNFELD, GARLAND C. MISENER and the ANSCO FILM DIVISION OF GENERAL ANILINE AND FILM CORPORATION for the development of the Ansco color scene tester. [Laboratory] To FRED PONEDEL, RALPH AYRES and GEORGE BROWN of Warner Bros. Studio for an air-driven water motor to provide flow, wake and white water for marine sequences in motion pictures. [Stage Operations] To GLEN ROBINSON and the METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO CONSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT for the development of a new music wire and cable cutter. [Stage Operations] To JACK GAYLORD and the METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO CONSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT for the development of balsa falling snow. [Stage Operations] To CARLOS RIVAS of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio for the development of an automatic magnetic film splicer. [Editorial] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1952 (25th) ACTOR Gary Cooper -- High Noon {"Will Kane"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Anthony Quinn -- Viva Zapata! {"Eufemio Zapata"} ACTRESS Shirley Booth -- Come Back, Little Sheba {"Lola Delaney"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Gloria Grahame -- The Bad and the Beautiful {"Rosemary Bartlow"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) The Bad and the Beautiful -- Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons, Edward Carfagno; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis, Keogh Gleason ART DIRECTION (Color) Moulin Rouge -- Art Direction: Paul Sheriff; Set Decoration: Marcel Vertes CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) The Bad and the Beautiful -- Robert Surtees CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) The Quiet Man -- Winton C. Hoch, Archie Stout COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) The Bad and the Beautiful -- Helen Rose COSTUME DESIGN (Color) Moulin Rouge -- Marcel Vertes DIRECTING The Quiet Man -- John Ford DOCUMENTARY (Feature) The Sea around Us -- Irwin Allen, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Neighbours -- Norman McLaren, Producer FILM EDITING High Noon -- Elmo Williams, Harry Gerstad MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) High Noon -- Dimitri Tiomkin MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) With a Song in My Heart -- Alfred Newman MUSIC (Song) "High Noon (Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darlin')" from High Noon -- Music by Dimitri Tiomkin; Lyrics by Ned Washington BEST MOTION PICTURE The Greatest Show on Earth -- Cecil B. DeMille, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Johann Mouse -- Fred Quimby, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) Light in the Window: The Art of Vermeer -- Boris Vermont, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) Water Birds -- Walt Disney, Producer SOUND RECORDING Breaking the Sound Barrier -- London Film Sound Department SPECIAL EFFECTS Plymouth Adventure -- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer WRITING (Motion Picture Story) The Greatest Show on Earth -- Fredric M. Frank, Theodore St. John, Frank Cavett WRITING (Screenplay) The Bad and the Beautiful -- Charles Schnee WRITING (Story and Screenplay) The Lavender Hill Mob -- T. E. B. Clarke HONORARY FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD Forbidden Games - Best Foreign Language Film first released in the United States during 1952. HONORARY AWARD To George Alfred Mitchell for the design and development of the camera which bears his name and for his continued and dominant presence in the field of cinematography. To Joseph M. Schenck for long and distinguished service to the motion picture industry. To Merian C. Cooper for his many innovations and contributions to the art of motion pictures. To Harold Lloyd, master comedian and good citizen. To Bob Hope for his contribution to the laughter of the world, his service to the motion picture industry, and his devotion to the American premise. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD Cecil B. DeMille SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class I) To EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY for the introduction of Eastman color negative and Eastman color print film. [Film] To ANSCO FILM DIVISION OF GENERAL ANILINE AND FILM CORPORATION for the introduction of Ansco color negative and Ansco color print film. [Film] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To TECHNICOLOR MOTION PICTURE CORPORATION for an improved method of color motion picture photography under incandescent light. [Photography] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To the PROJECTION, STILL PHOTOGRAPHIC and DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS of METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO for an improved method of projecting photographic backgrounds. [Special Photographic] To JOHN G. FRAYNE and R. R. SCOVILLE and WESTREX CORPORATION for a method of measuring distortion in sound reproduction. [Sound] To PHOTO RESEARCH CORPORATION for creating the Spectra color temperature meter. [Photography] To GUSTAV JIROUCH for the design of the Robot automatic film splicer. [Editorial] To CARLOS RIVAS of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio for the development of a sound reproducer for magnetic film. [Sound] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1953 (26th) ACTOR William Holden -- Stalag 17 {"Sefton"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Frank Sinatra -- From Here to Eternity {"Angelo Maggio"} ACTRESS Audrey Hepburn -- Roman Holiday {"Princess Anne"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Donna Reed -- From Here to Eternity {"Lorene/Alma"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) Julius Caesar -- Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons, Edward Carfagno; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis, Hugh Hunt ART DIRECTION (Color) The Robe -- Art Direction: Lyle Wheeler, George W. Davis; Set Decoration: Walter M. Scott, Paul S. Fox CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) From Here to Eternity -- Burnett Guffey CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) Shane -- Loyal Griggs COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) Roman Holiday -- Edith Head COSTUME DESIGN (Color) The Robe -- Charles LeMaire, Emile Santiago DIRECTING From Here to Eternity -- Fred Zinnemann DOCUMENTARY (Feature) The Living Desert -- Walt Disney, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) The Alaskan Eskimo -- Walt Disney, Producer FILM EDITING From Here to Eternity -- William Lyon MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) Lili -- Bronislau Kaper MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Call Me Madam -- Alfred Newman MUSIC (Song) "Secret Love" from Calamity Jane -- Music by Sammy Fain; Lyrics by Paul Francis Webster BEST MOTION PICTURE From Here to Eternity -- Buddy Adler, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom -- Walt Disney, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) The Merry Wives of Windsor Overture -- Johnny Green, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) Bear Country -- Walt Disney, Producer SOUND RECORDING From Here to Eternity -- Columbia Studio Sound Department, John P. Livadary, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS The War of the Worlds -- Paramount Studio WRITING (Motion Picture Story) Roman Holiday -- Dalton Trumbo [NOTE: The screen credit and award were originally credited to Ian McLellan Hunter, who was a "front" for Dalton Trumbo. On December 15, 1992, the Academy's Board of Governors voted to change the records and award Mr. Trumbo with the achievement. Ian McLellan Hunter's name was removed from the Motion Picture Story category. The Oscar was posthumously presented to Trumbo's widow on May 10, 1993.] WRITING (Screenplay) From Here to Eternity -- Daniel Taradash WRITING (Story and Screenplay) Titanic -- Charles Brackett, Walter Reisch, Richard Breen HONORARY AWARD To Pete Smith for his witty and pungent observations on the American scene in his series of "Pete Smith Specialties." To 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation in recognition of their imagination, showmanship and foresight in introducing the revolutionary process known as CinemaScope. To Joseph I. Breen for his conscientious, open-minded and dignified management of the Motion Picture Production Code. To Bell and Howell Company for their pioneering and basic achievements in the advancement of the motion picture industry. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD George Stevens SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class I) To PROFESSOR HENRI CHRETIEN and EARL SPONABLE, SOL HALPRIN, LORIN GRIGNON, HERBERT BRAGG and CARL FAULKNER of 20th Century-Fox Studios for creating, developing and engineering the equipment, processes and techniques known as CinemaScope. [Systems] To FRED WALLER for designing and developing the multiple photographic and projection systems which culminated in Cinerama. [Systems] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To REEVES SOUNDCRAFT CORPORATION for their development of a process of applying stripes of magnetic oxide to motion picture film for sound recording and reproduction. [Sound] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To WESTREX CORPORATION for the design and construction of a new film editing machine. [Editorial] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1954 (27th) ACTOR Marlon Brando -- On the Waterfront {"Terry Malloy"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Edmond O'Brien -- The Barefoot Contessa {"Oscar Muldoon"} ACTRESS Grace Kelly -- The Country Girl {"Georgie Elgin"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Eva Marie Saint -- On the Waterfront {"Edie Doyle"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) On the Waterfront -- Richard Day ART DIRECTION (Color) 20,000 Leagues under the Sea -- Art Direction: John Meehan; Set Decoration: Emile Kuri CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) On the Waterfront -- Boris Kaufman CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) Three Coins in the Fountain -- Milton Krasner COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) Sabrina -- Edith Head COSTUME DESIGN (Color) Gate of Hell -- Sanzo Wada DIRECTING On the Waterfront -- Elia Kazan DOCUMENTARY (Feature) The Vanishing Prairie -- Walt Disney, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Thursday's Children -- World Wide Pictures and Morse Films FILM EDITING On the Waterfront -- Gene Milford MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) The High and the Mighty -- Dimitri Tiomkin MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Seven Brides for Seven Brothers -- Adolph Deutsch, Saul Chaplin MUSIC (Song) "Three Coins In The Fountain" from Three Coins in the Fountain -- Music by Jule Styne; Lyrics by Sammy Cahn BEST MOTION PICTURE On the Waterfront -- Sam Spiegel, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) When Magoo Flew -- Stephen Bosustow, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) This Mechanical Age -- Robert Youngson, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) A Time Out of War -- Denis Sanders and Terry Sanders, Producers SOUND RECORDING The Glenn Miller Story -- Universal-International Studio Sound Department, Leslie I. Carey, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS 20,000 Leagues under the Sea -- Walt Disney Studios WRITING (Motion Picture Story) Broken Lance -- Philip Yordan WRITING (Screenplay) The Country Girl -- George Seaton WRITING (Story and Screenplay) On the Waterfront -- Budd Schulberg HONORARY FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD To Gate of Hell - Best Foreign Language Film first released in the United States during 1954. HONORARY AWARD To Bausch & Lomb Optical Company for their contributions to the advancement of the motion picture industry. To Kemp R. Niver for the development of the Renovare Process which has made possible the restoration of the Library of Congress Paper Film Collection. To Greta Garbo for her unforgettable screen performances. To Danny Kaye for his unique talents, his service to the Academy, the motion picture industry, and the American people. To Jon Whiteley for his outstanding juvenile performance in The Little Kidnappers. To Vincent Winter for his outstanding juvenile performance in The Little Kidnappers. SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class I) To PARAMOUNT PICTURES, INC., LOREN L. RYDER, JOHN R. BISHOP and all the members of the technical and engineering staff for developing a method of producing and exhibiting motion pictures known as VistaVision. [Systems] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To DAVID S. HORSLEY and the UNIVERSAL-INTERNATIONAL STUDIO SPECIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT for a portable remote control device for process projectors. [Special Photographic] To KARL FREUND and FRANK CRANDELL of Photo Research Corporation for the design and development of a direct reading brightness meter. [Photography] To WESLEY C. MILLER, J.W. STAFFORD, K.M. FRIERSON and the METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO SOUND DEPARTMENT for an electronic sound printing comparison device. [Sound] To JOHN P. LIVADARY, LLOYD RUSSELL and the COLUMBIA STUDIO SOUND DEPARTMENT for an improved limiting amplifier as applied to sound level comparison devices. [Sound] To ROLAND MILLER and MAX GOEPPINGER of Magnascope Corporation for the design and development of a cathode ray magnetic sound track viewer. [Sound] To CARLOS RIVAS, G.M. SPRAGUE and the METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO SOUND DEPARTMENT for the design of a magnetic sound editing machine. [Sound] To FRED WILSON of the Samuel Goldwyn Studio Sound Department for the design of a variable multiple-band equalizer. [Sound] To P.C. YOUNG of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio Projection Department for the practical application of a variable focal length attachment to motion picture projector lenses. [Projection] To FRED KNOTH and ORIEN ERNEST of the Universal-International Studio Technical Department for the development of a hand portable, electric, dry oil-fog machine. [Stage Operations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1955 (28th) ACTOR Ernest Borgnine -- Marty {"Marty Pilletti"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Jack Lemmon -- Mister Roberts {"Ensign Pulver"} ACTRESS Anna Magnani -- The Rose Tattoo {"Serafina Della Rose"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Jo Van Fleet -- East of Eden {"Kate"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) The Rose Tattoo -- Art Direction: Hal Pereira, Tambi Larsen; Set Decoration: Sam Comer, Arthur Krams ART DIRECTION (Color) Picnic -- Art Direction: William Flannery, Jo Mielziner; Set Decoration: Robert Priestley CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) The Rose Tattoo -- James Wong Howe CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) To Catch a Thief -- Robert Burks COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) I'll Cry Tomorrow -- Helen Rose COSTUME DESIGN (Color) Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing -- Charles LeMaire DIRECTING Marty -- Delbert Mann DOCUMENTARY (Feature) Helen Keller in Her Story -- Nancy Hamilton, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Men against the Arctic -- Walt Disney, Producer FILM EDITING Picnic -- Charles Nelson, William A. Lyon MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing -- Alfred Newman MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Oklahoma! -- Robert Russell Bennett, Jay Blackton, Adolph Deutsch MUSIC (Song) "Love Is A Many-Splendored Thing" from Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing -- Music by Sammy Fain; Lyrics by Paul Francis Webster BEST MOTION PICTURE Marty -- Harold Hecht, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Speedy Gonzales -- Edward Selzer, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) Survival City -- Edmund Reek, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) The Face of Lincoln -- Wilbur T. Blume, Producer SOUND RECORDING Oklahoma! -- Todd-AO Sound Department, Fred Hynes, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS The Bridges at Toko-Ri -- Paramount Studio WRITING (Motion Picture Story) Love Me or Leave Me -- Daniel Fuchs WRITING (Screenplay) Marty -- Paddy Chayefsky WRITING (Story and Screenplay) Interrupted Melody -- William Ludwig, Sonya Levien HONORARY FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD To Samurai, The Legend of Musashi - Best Foreign Language Film first released in the United States during 1955. SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class I) To the NATIONAL CARBON CO. for the development and production of a high efficiency yellow flame carbon for motion picture color photography. [Lighting] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To the EASTMAN KODAK CO. for Eastman Tri-X Panchromatic Negative Film. [Film] To FARCIOT EDOUART, HAL CORL and the PARAMOUNT STUDIO TRANSPARENCY DEPARTMENT for the engineering and development of a double-frame, triple-head background projector. [Special Photographic] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To 20TH CENTURY-FOX STUDIO and the BAUSCH & LOMB CO. for the new combination lenses for CinemaScope Photography. [Lenses and Filters] To WALTER JOLLEY, MAURICE LARSON and R.H. SPIES of 20th Century-Fox Studio for a spraying process which creates simulated metallic surfaces. [Props] To STEVE KRILANOVICH for an improved camera dolly incorporating multi-directional steering. [Camera Cranes] To DAVE ANDERSON of 20th Century-Fox Studio for an improved spotlight capable of maintaining a fixed circle of light at constant intensity over varied distances. [Lighting] To LOREN L. RYDER, CHARLES WEST, HENRY FRACKER and the PARAMOUNT STUDIOS for a projection film index to establish proper framing for various aspect ratios. [Projection] To FARCIOT EDOUART, HAL CORL and the PARAMOUNT STUDIO TRANSPARENCY DEPARTMENT for an improved dual stereopticon background projector. [Special Photographic] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1956 (29th) ACTOR Yul Brynner -- The King and I {"The King"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Anthony Quinn -- Lust for Life {"Paul Gauguin"} ACTRESS Ingrid Bergman -- Anastasia {"The Woman"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Dorothy Malone -- Written on the Wind {"Marylee Hadley"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) Somebody Up There Likes Me -- Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons, Malcolm F. Brown; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis, F. Keogh Gleason ART DIRECTION (Color) The King and I -- Art Direction: Lyle R. Wheeler, John DeCuir; Set Decoration: Walter M. Scott, Paul S. Fox CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) Somebody Up There Likes Me -- Joseph Ruttenberg CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) Around the World in 80 Days -- Lionel Lindon COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) The Solid Gold Cadillac -- Jean Louis COSTUME DESIGN (Color) The King and I -- Irene Sharaff DIRECTING Giant -- George Stevens DOCUMENTARY (Feature) The Silent World -- Jacques-Yves Cousteau, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) The True Story of the Civil War -- Louis Clyde Stoumen, Producer FILM EDITING Around the World in 80 Days -- Gene Ruggiero, Paul Weatherwax FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM La Strada -- Italy; Dino De Laurentiis and Carlo Ponti, Producers [NOTE: For the 29th Academy Awards, the name(s) of the producer(s) were included in the nomination for the Foreign Language Film category.] MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) Around the World in 80 Days -- Victor Young MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) The King and I -- Alfred Newman, Ken Darby MUSIC (Song) "Whatever Will Be, Will Be (Que Sera, Sera)" from The Man Who Knew Too Much -- Music and Lyrics by Jay Livingston and Ray Evans BEST MOTION PICTURE Around the World in 80 Days -- Michael Todd, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Mister Magoo's Puddle Jumper -- Stephen Bosustow, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (One-reel) Crashing the Water Barrier -- Konstantin Kalser, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Two-reel) The Bespoke Overcoat -- Romulus Films SOUND RECORDING The King and I -- 20th Century-Fox Studio Sound Department, Carl Faulkner, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS The Ten Commandments -- John Fulton WRITING (Motion Picture Story) The Brave One -- Dalton Trumbo [NOTE: The name of the writer credited with authorship, Robert Rich, turned out to be an alias. Two decades later, the mystery was officially solved and the Academy statuette went (on May 2, 1975, presented by then Academy president Walter Mirisch) to its rightful owner, screenwriter Dalton Trumbo, blacklisted in 1956 by the industry for political affiliations. Robert Rich (who had nothing to do with the film industry) is a nephew of the King Brothers, producers of the film. They chose his name to be the alias for Dalton Trumbo on the screenplay.] WRITING (Screenplay--Adapted) Around the World in 80 Days -- James Poe, John Farrow, S.J. Perelman WRITING (Screenplay--Original) The Red Balloon -- Albert Lamorisse JEAN HERSHOLT HUMANITARIAN AWARD Y. Frank Freeman HONORARY AWARD To Eddie Cantor for distinguished service to the film industry. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD Buddy Adler SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To RICHARD H. RANGER of Rangertone, Inc., for the development of a synchronous recording and reproducing system for quarter-inch magnetic tape. [Sound] To TED HIRSCH, CARL HAUGE and EDWARD REICHARD of Consolidated Film Industries for an automatic scene counter for laboratory projection rooms. [Laboratory] To the TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS OF PARAMOUNT PICTURES CORP. for the engineering and development of the Paramount light-weight horizontal-movement VistaVision camera. [Camera] To ROY C. STEWART AND SONS of Stewart-Trans Lux Corp., DR. C.R. DAILY and the TRANSPARENCY DEPARTMENT OF PARAMOUNT PICTURES CORP. for the engineering and development of the HiTrans and Para-HiTrans rear projection screens. [Special Photographic] To the CONSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT OF METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER STUDIO for a new hand-portable fog machine. [Stage Operations] To DANIEL J. BLOOMBERG, JOHN POND, WILLIAM WADE and the ENGINEERING AND CAMERA DEPARTMENTS OF REPUBLIC STUDIO for the Naturama adaptation to the Mitchell camera. [Photography] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1957 (30th) ACTOR Alec Guinness -- The Bridge on the River Kwai {"Colonel Nicholson"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Red Buttons -- Sayonara {"Joe Kelly"} ACTRESS Joanne Woodward -- The Three Faces of Eve {"Eve White/Eve Black/Jane"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Miyoshi Umeki -- Sayonara {"Katsumi"} ART DIRECTION Sayonara -- Art Direction: Ted Haworth; Set Decoration: Robert Priestley CINEMATOGRAPHY The Bridge on the River Kwai -- Jack Hildyard COSTUME DESIGN Les Girls -- Orry-Kelly DIRECTING The Bridge on the River Kwai -- David Lean DOCUMENTARY (Feature) Albert Schweitzer -- Jerome Hill, Producer FILM EDITING The Bridge on the River Kwai -- Peter Taylor FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM The Nights of Cabiria -- Italy MUSIC (Scoring) The Bridge on the River Kwai -- Malcolm Arnold MUSIC (Song) "All The Way" from The Joker Is Wild -- Music by James Van Heusen; Lyrics by Sammy Cahn BEST MOTION PICTURE The Bridge on the River Kwai -- Sam Spiegel, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Birds Anonymous -- Edward Selzer, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Live Action) The Wetback Hound -- Larry Lansburgh, Producer SOUND RECORDING Sayonara -- Warner Bros. Studio Sound Department, George Groves, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS The Enemy Below -- Audible Effects by Walter Rossi WRITING (Screenplay--based on material from another medium) The Bridge on the River Kwai -- Michael Wilson, Carl Foreman, Pierre Boulle [NOTE: Though Pierre Boulle received official screen credit, it was commonly known that blacklisted writers, Michael Wilson and Carl Foreman, wrote the screenplay based on Mr. Boulle's novel (translated from the French). The Board of Governors, on December 11, 1984, voted posthumous Oscars to Wilson and Foreman and Academy records have been updated.] WRITING (Story and Screenplay--written directly for the screen) Designing Woman -- George Wells JEAN HERSHOLT HUMANITARIAN AWARD Samuel Goldwyn HONORARY AWARD To Charles Brackett for outstanding service to the Academy. To B.B. Kahane for distinguished service to the motion picture industry. To Gilbert M. ("Broncho Billy") Anderson, motion picture pioneer, for his contributions to the development of motion pictures as entertainment. To The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers for their contributions to the advancement of the motion picture industry. SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class I) To the TODD-AO CORP. and WESTREX CORP. for developing a method of producing and exhibiting wide-film motion pictures known as the Todd-AO System. [Systems] To THE MOTION PICTURE RESEARCH COUNCIL for the design and development of a high efficiency projection screen for drive-in theatres. [Projection] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To the SOCIÉTÉ D'OPTIQUE ET DE MECANIQUE DE HAUTE PRECISION for the development of a high speed vari-focal photographic lens. [Lenses and Filters] To HARLAN L. BAUMBACH, LORAND WARGO, HOWARD M. LITTLE and the UNICORN ENGINEERING CORP. for the development of an Automatic Printer Light Selector. [Laboratory] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To CHARLES E. SUTTER, WILLIAM B. SMITH, PARAMOUNT PICTURES CORP. and GENERAL CABLE CORP. for the engineering and application to studio use of aluminum lightweight electrical cable and connectors. [Stage Operations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1958 (31st) ACTOR David Niven -- Separate Tables {"Major Pollock"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Burl Ives -- The Big Country {"Rufus Hannassey"} ACTRESS Susan Hayward -- I Want to Live! {"Barbara Graham"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Wendy Hiller -- Separate Tables {"Pat Cooper"} ART DIRECTION Gigi -- Art Direction: William A. Horning, Preston Ames; Set Decoration: Henry Grace, Keogh Gleason CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) The Defiant Ones -- Sam Leavitt CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) Gigi -- Joseph Ruttenberg COSTUME DESIGN Gigi -- Cecil Beaton DIRECTING Gigi -- Vincente Minnelli DOCUMENTARY (Feature) White Wilderness -- Ben Sharpsteen, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Ama Girls -- Ben Sharpsteen, Producer FILM EDITING Gigi -- Adrienne Fazan FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM My Uncle -- France MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) The Old Man and the Sea -- Dimitri Tiomkin MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Gigi -- Andre Previn MUSIC (Song) "Gigi" from Gigi -- Music by Frederick Loewe; Lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner BEST MOTION PICTURE Gigi -- Arthur Freed, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Knighty Knight Bugs -- John W. Burton, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Live Action) Grand Canyon -- Walt Disney, Producer SOUND South Pacific -- Todd-AO Sound Department, Fred Hynes, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS tom thumb -- Visual Effects by Tom Howard WRITING (Screenplay--based on material from another medium) Gigi -- Alan Jay Lerner WRITING (Story and Screenplay--written directly for the screen) The Defiant Ones -- Nedrick Young, Harold Jacob Smith [NOTE: Upon request of his widow and upon recommendation of the Writers Branch Executive Committee, the Board of Governors voted on June 22, 1993, to restore the name of Nedrick Young to the nominations and award presented to Nathan E. Douglas (Mr. Young's pseudonym during the blacklisting period).] HONORARY AWARD To Maurice Chevalier for his contributions to the world of entertainment for more than half a century. IRVING G. THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD Jack L. Warner SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To DON W. PRIDEAUX, LEROY G. LEIGHTON and the LAMP DIVISION OF GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. for the development and production of an improved 10 kilowatt lamp for motion picture set lighting. [Lighting] To PANAVISION, INC., for the design and development of the Auto Panatar anamorphic photographic lens for 35mm CinemaScope photography. [Lenses and Filters] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To WILLY BORBERG of the General Precision Laboratory, Inc., for the development of a high speed intermittent movement for 35mm motion picture theatre projection equipment. [Projection] To FRED PONEDEL, GEORGE BROWN and CONRAD BOYE of the Warner Bros. Special Effects Department for the design and fabrication of a new rapid fire marble gun. [Stage Operations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1959 (32nd) ACTOR Charlton Heston -- Ben-Hur {"Judah Ben-Hur"} ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Hugh Griffith -- Ben-Hur {"Sheik Ilderim"} ACTRESS Simone Signoret -- Room at the Top {"Alice Aisgill"} ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING ROLE Shelley Winters -- The Diary of Anne Frank {"Mrs. Van Daan"} ART DIRECTION (Black-and-White) The Diary of Anne Frank -- Art Direction: Lyle R. Wheeler, George W. Davis; Set Decoration: Walter M. Scott, Stuart A. Reiss ART DIRECTION (Color) Ben-Hur -- Art Direction: William A. Horning, Edward Carfagno; Set Decoration: Hugh Hunt CINEMATOGRAPHY (Black-and-White) The Diary of Anne Frank -- William C. Mellor CINEMATOGRAPHY (Color) Ben-Hur -- Robert L. Surtees COSTUME DESIGN (Black-and-White) Some Like It Hot -- Orry-Kelly COSTUME DESIGN (Color) Ben-Hur -- Elizabeth Haffenden DIRECTING Ben-Hur -- William Wyler DOCUMENTARY (Feature) Serengeti Shall Not Die -- Bernhard Grzimek, Producer DOCUMENTARY (Short Subject) Glass -- Bert Haanstra, Producer FILM EDITING Ben-Hur -- Ralph E. Winters, John D. Dunning FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM Black Orpheus -- France MUSIC (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) Ben-Hur -- Miklos Rozsa MUSIC (Scoring of a Musical Picture) Porgy and Bess -- Andre Previn, Ken Darby MUSIC (Song) "High Hopes" from A Hole in the Head -- Music by James Van Heusen; Lyrics by Sammy Cahn BEST MOTION PICTURE Ben-Hur -- Sam Zimbalist, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Cartoon) Moonbird -- John Hubley, Producer SHORT SUBJECT (Live Action) The Golden Fish -- Jacques-Yves Cousteau, Producer SOUND Ben-Hur -- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio Sound Department, Franklin E. Milton, Sound Director SPECIAL EFFECTS Ben-Hur -- Visual Effects by A. Arnold Gillespie, Robert MacDonald; Audible Effects by Milo Lory WRITING (Screenplay--based on material from another medium) Room at the Top -- Neil Paterson WRITING (Story and Screenplay--written directly for the screen) Pillow Talk -- Story by Russell Rouse, Clarence Greene; Screenplay by Stanley Shapiro, Maurice Richlin JEAN HERSHOLT HUMANITARIAN AWARD Bob Hope HONORARY AWARD To Lee De Forest for his pioneering inventions which brought sound to the motion picture. To Buster Keaton for his unique talents which brought immortal comedies to the screen. SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class II) To DOUGLAS G. SHEARER of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc., and ROBERT E. GOTTSCHALK and JOHN R. MOORE of Panavision, Inc., for the development of a system of producing and exhibiting wide-film motion pictures known as Camera 65. [Systems] To WADSWORTH E. POHL, WILLIAM EVANS, WERNER HOPF, S.E. HOWSE, THOMAS P. DIXON, STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE and TECHNICOLOR CORP., for the design and development of the Technicolor Electronic Printing Timer. [Laboratory] To WADSWORTH E. POHL, JACK ALFORD, HENRY IMUS, JOSEPH SCHMIT, PAUL FASSNACHT, AL LOFQUIST and TECHNICOLOR CORP., for the development and practical application of equipment for wet printing. [Laboratory] To DR. HOWARD S. COLEMAN, DR. A. FRANCIS TURNER, HAROLD H. SCHROEDER, JAMES R. BENFORD and HAROLD E. ROSENBERGER of the Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. for the design and development of the Balcold Projection Mirror. [Projection] To ROBERT P. GUTTERMAN of General Kinetics, Inc., and LIPSNER-SMITH CORP. for the design and development of the CF-2 Ultra-sonic Film Cleaner. [Laboratory] SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD (Class III) To UB IWERKS of Walt Disney Prods. for the design of an improved optical printer for special effects and matte shots. [Laboratory] To E.L. STONES, GLEN ROBINSON, WINFIELD HUBBARD and LUTHER NEWMAN of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio Construction Department for the design of a multiple cable remote controlled winch. [Stage Operations]